Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882 - 1945). 32nd President of the United States. DS as Acting Secretary of the Navy. 1916. Large battleship vignette. Partly-printed Navy Department Certificate to Lawrence Johnson for have completed the "Naval Training Cruise For Civilians".In 1916, the US Navy conducted a naval training cruise for civilians, primarily aimed at preparing them for potential wartime service. This cruise involved training on naval vessels and lectures on relevant topics. The program was initiated as a response to the growing threat of war and aimed to create a pool of trained civilians who could be called upon for naval duty. Fine.
